Inferior Sulcus Test
Jo Gibson, 2005
Originally described by Neer and Foster in 1980 and reported as an essential finding in the diagnosis of multidirectional instability.
Test
The patient is examined in sitting or standing and the shoulder is in a neutral position. It is important that the shoulder muscles are relaxed and that stress is applied above the elbow. (This eliminates the effect of the biceps and triceps brachii).
With the arm grasped inferior traction is applied. The examiner watches for dimpling of the skin below the acromion. Palpation reveals widening of the subacromial space between the acromion and the humeral head.
Positive
- Grade as: I II III
- or 2cm translation
Research
No available data
Reported as the essential diagnostic criteria for Multidirectional Instability, however it should be noted that this could also be a sign of a rotator interval lesion and/or an injury of the superior ligament complex (in Multidirectional instability there is usually a convincing sulcus bilaterally). This type of lesion should be considered especially if the amount of inferior translation does not decrease with external rotation.
at the botom; towards the feet at the side or outer aspect A tough band of connective tissue that connects two bones to each other. "Ligament" is a fitting term; it comes from the Latin "ligare" meaning "to bind or tie."
at the top; towards the head
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