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This is the 'true'
shoulder joint and provides 60% of shoulder motion.
It is a modified
'ball and socket joint'.
The humeral head
moves in a complex manner over the glenoid with a combination
of rolling, gliding and sliding actions.
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View of the glenoid from the inside of the glenohumeral
joint with the humerus removed. The blue area is the labrum. |
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The glenoid has
a labrum (blue) around its rim (similar
to a meniscus). The labrum is wedge-shaped and
attaches almost completely around the edge of the glenoid.
This creates a deeper cup for the glenoid socket. This
is important because the glenoid socket is so flat
and shallow that the ball of the humerus does not fit
tightly. The labrum creates a deeper cup for ball of
the humerus to fit into. This makes
a contribution to the stability of the joint.
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labrum may become detached in patients with dislocations
of the shoulder (causing a Bankart lesion). The
anterior inferior glenohumeral ligament (green) is attached
to the labrum, and this ligament stretches becoming incompetent
and one of the important restraints against dislocation
is lost. |
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| An arthroscope
is inserted through a small skin incision from the back
of the shoulder and special instruments are inserted through
portals (green & orange) through the front of the shoulder.
The surgeon can see the operation on a television screen. |
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| The Bankart lesion
can be seen and the edges freshened. |
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Video of
Bankart lesion.
To compare to the normal joint click
here to see a normal
shoulder arthroscopy |
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| An anchor is inserted
into the glenoid socket bone to reattach the labrum to
the glenoid. |
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| Sutures, attached
to the anchor are threaded through the labrum and capsule
to tighten the labrum and capsule up. |
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Video of repaired Bankart lesion and capsule.
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