Investigations

Imaging techniques are useful for identifying any pathological lesions.

X-rays may show degenerative changes, loose intra-articular bodies and identification of any suspected stress fractures.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can help identify the type, extent and site of rotator cuff overuse injuries and impingement problems.

MR arthrograms are the gold standard for diagnosing labral tears [11] and more sensitive than plain MRI scans for rotator cuff tears. Some centres employ CT arthrograms.

Arthroscopy allows for the diagnosis and treatment of previously undiagnosised SLAP and labral lesions [11,20]. A concomitant treatment of capsular laxity results in a greater chance of return to play [8,10].